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1.
Acta pediatr. esp ; 71(3): 81-81[e44-e53], mar. 2013.
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-110382

RESUMO

La hemofilia A es la coagulopatía hereditaria más importante. Constituye una condición facilitadora de sangrados profundos por un fallo en la hemostasia secundaria. El principal abordaje terapéutico consiste en la terapia sustitutiva con factor VIII, aunque en algunos casos la formación de anticuerpos inhibidores puede dificultar su utilidad a largo plazo. Cada vez se conocen mejor los factores que condicionan el desarrollo de inhibidores, pero todavía no se puede predecir con seguridad la probabilidad que tiene un paciente de desarrollar esta complicación, aunque en algunos trabajos ya se han propuesto fórmulas a tal efecto. Son pocas las referencias que se encuentran en la bibliografía sobre el manejo de la hemofilia en el recién nacido, y todavía menos si se trata de neonatos prematuros. No existe ninguna recomendación o guía al respecto, pero quizás un planteamiento individualizado sea el idóneo, dado que el pronóstico puede cambiar en función del grado de prematuridad, el tipo de mutación, los antecedentes familiares de formación de inhibidores, la exposición a traumatismos y la madurez del resto de la cascada de la coagulación, entre otros factores. Se presenta un caso de un recién nacido de 34 semanas de edad gestacional con diagnóstico de hemofilia A grave, que fue tratado con medidas conservadoras, evitando la administración profiláctica de factor VIII por considerarse de alto riesgo para la aparición de inhibidores y, por tanto, para el fallo de la terapia sustitutiva a largo plazo(AU)


Hemophilia A is the most important inherited coagulation disease. It is a condition predisposing deep bleeding due to a failure in secondary hemostasis. Among the possibilities of therapeutic approach, factor VIII replacement therapy is considered as the mean one. Nevertheless in some cases the formation of inhibitory antibodies may hinder its long-term usefulness. There is increasing knowledge of the factors that influence the development of inhibitors but we are still not able to predict exactly the probability of a patient developing this complication, although some research groups are working on it. There are few references in the literature on the management of hemophilia in the newborn, and even less regarding preterm infants. There is no recommendation or guideline about what attitude is to be taken with preterm infants with hemophilia but perhaps an individualized approach fits the best, since the outcome can change depending on prematurity degree, mutation type, family history of inhibitors formation, trauma exposure and maturity of the rest of the clotting cascade, among others. We present a case of a 34-gestational-week newborn with severe hemophilia A who was managed with conservative steps avoiding prophylactic factor VIII administration, considering a high risk for inhibitor development and therefore, a long term failure of replacement therapy(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Recém-Nascido , Hemofilia A/fisiopatologia , Transtornos Hemorrágicos/fisiopatologia , Fatores de Coagulação Sanguínea , Fatores de Risco , Recém-Nascido Prematuro
2.
An. pediatr. (2003, Ed. impr.) ; 77(2): 75-82, ago. 2012. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-102747

RESUMO

Introducción: En los últimos años ha aumentado el interés por el ictus en la infancia. La revisión de la literatura aporta poca información sobre factores de riesgo y otros aspectos de interés clínico. El objetivo es describir las características del ictus en niños con el objetivo de identificar factores de riesgo, presentación clínica y el pronóstico. Pacientes y métodos: Se llevó a cabo un estudio retrospectivo entre los pacientes ingresados en el hospital La Fe entre enero de 2000 y septiembre de 2010 con los diagnósticos de ictus, isquémicos o hemorrágicos. Resultados: Un total de 76 pacientes cumplían los criterios de inclusión, 44,7% presentaron un ictus isquémico y 55,3% fue hemorrágico. La edad media de presentación fue de 6,8 años, 8,4 años para los hemorrágicos y 4,7 años para los isquémicos. La cefalea fue el síntoma de presentación más frecuente. El principal factor de riesgo fue la malformación vascular en los ictus hemorrágicos y las vasculopatías y cardiopatías en los isquémicos. En 34 pacientes se llevó a cabo un estudio de trombofilia y en un 64,7%, de estos, el estudio fue positivo. Respecto al pronóstico, el 17% de los pacientes falleció, solamente tres pacientes presentaron una epilepsia secundaria y el 31 y 60% de los infartos hemorrágicos e isquémicos, respectivamente, desarrollaron una hemiparesia. Conclusiones: En este estudio hemos identificado los principales factores de riesgo, así como edad de presentación, sintomatología y pronóstico. Queremos destacar la edad de presentación más precoz en los ictus isquémicos frente a los hemorrágicos(AU)


Introduction: There has been increasing interest in stroke in children in the last few years. A literature review produced little information on risk factors and other clinical questions. The aim of this study is to describe the characteristics of stroke in children, mainly in order to identify the risk factors, clinical presentation and outcomes. Patients and methods: A retrospective study was conducted on patients admitted to the Hospital La Fe in Valencia between January 2000 to September 2010 with the diagnosis of ischaemic or haemorrhagic stroke. Results: A total of 76 patients were identified, of whom 44.7% had an ischaemic stroke and 55.3% had a haemorrhagic one. The average age of presentation was 6.8 years; 8.4 years for haemorrhagic strokes and 4.7 years for ischaemic strokes. Headache was the most frequent symptom of presentation. The most frequent risk factor was vascular malformations in haemorrhagic cerebral stroke, and vascular and cardiac disorders in ischaemic stroke. A study of prothrombotic factors was conducted on 34 patients, which was positive in 64.7% of them. As regards outcome, 17% of the patients died; only 3 patients had a secondary epilepsy, and 31% and 60% of the haemorrhagic and ischaemic stokes, respectively, had a hemiparesis. Conclusions: In this study we identified the principal risk factors as well as, the age of presentation, symptomatology and outcome. We would like to emphasise that the age of presentation was earlier in ischaemic strokes than in haemorrhagic ones(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Feminino , Lactente , Pré-Escolar , Criança , Doença Cerebrovascular dos Gânglios da Base/epidemiologia , Acidente Vascular Cerebral/epidemiologia , Fatores de Risco , Trombofilia/epidemiologia , Prognóstico , Anticorpos Antifosfolipídeos , Anticorpos Anticardiolipina , Estudos Retrospectivos , /tendências , Fibrina/deficiência , Vasculite/complicações , Vasculite/diagnóstico , Epilepsia/complicações
3.
An Pediatr (Barc) ; 77(2): 75-82, 2012 Aug.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22196915

RESUMO

INTRODUCTION: There has been increasing interest in stroke in children in the last few years. A literature review produced little information on risk factors and other clinical questions. The aim of this study is to describe the characteristics of stroke in children, mainly in order to identify the risk factors, clinical presentation and outcomes. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A retrospective study was conducted on patients admitted to the Hospital La Fe in Valencia between January 2000 to September 2010 with the diagnosis of ischaemic or haemorrhagic stroke. RESULTS: A total of 76 patients were identified, of whom 44.7% had an ischaemic stroke and 55.3% had a haemorrhagic one. The average age of presentation was 6.8 years; 8.4 years for haemorrhagic strokes and 4.7 years for ischaemic strokes. Headache was the most frequent symptom of presentation. The most frequent risk factor was vascular malformations in haemorrhagic cerebral stroke, and vascular and cardiac disorders in ischaemic stroke. A study of prothrombotic factors was conducted on 34 patients, which was positive in 64.7% of them. As regards outcome, 17% of the patients died; only 3 patients had a secondary epilepsy, and 31% and 60% of the haemorrhagic and ischaemic stokes, respectively, had a hemiparesis. CONCLUSIONS: In this study we identified the principal risk factors as well as, the age of presentation, symptomatology and outcome. We would like to emphasise that the age of presentation was earlier in ischaemic strokes than in haemorrhagic ones.


Assuntos
Transtornos Cerebrovasculares , Adolescente , Transtornos Cerebrovasculares/diagnóstico , Transtornos Cerebrovasculares/epidemiologia , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Admissão do Paciente , Prognóstico , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Espanha , Centros de Atenção Terciária , Fatores de Tempo
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